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Would comprehend the plastic arts and the modern Abstract art - plastic arts; artistic trend of the 20 century their form-language the representational renounces. Forms and colors put autonomous composition-elements. Representation that primarily no associations at objects evokes. Main-representatives in the art: Kandinsky, Delaunay, Malewitsch, Mondrian, Pollock, Hartung ua. Constructivism - compositions from purely geometrical forms under application representational associations. Representatives El Lissitzky, N. Gabo, W. Tatlin, G. Vantogerloo, A. Pevsner. Cubism - French direction of the art about 1907 justifies from Braque and Picasso, bases already with Cezanne, three-dimensional forms are partially transferred in several opinions on the canvas: first prismatic kubistische characters from 1912 stronger emphases of the flat-ness. Dadaism - protest-movement of the art against war and especially his/its society. Prerequisites; from 1916 of Zurich to Paris encroaches: Break with the lit. and artists. Tradition; relinquishment on vordergründige-kausale contexts in Darstel. AND statement, in order to do justice to the " craziness of the time ". Members v.a MR. Arp, MR. Ball, A. Breton, M. Ernst, T. Tzara. The Parisian Dadaists turned to the surrealism partly later. Effektivism - new artistic trend concept plastic arts; art that mainly on the effect of light and shadows aims. The forms dissolve seemingly under the effect. The Effektivis often borders on the impressionism and the naturalism. An unison with the nature and idylls, the contemplation is located in it to the silence. Representatives: Caravaggio, the brothers La tour, Danuta Wehowsky Expressionism - plastic arts; Bedeuternsten style-direction of the 20. Jh.s. The expressionism wants to bring mental and mental strengths to the expression and uses on this occasion corresponding expression-methods. Art: clear surfaces division and lines, unbroken colors, telescopes and anatomical distortions. Sculpture: cubic forms and strong light-contrasts. Bedeuternste forerunners: Cezanne, van Gogh, Munch; loners: Beckmann, Kokoschka, Rouault. Futurism - Italian artistic current (from 1907) main-initiator Marinetti him/it connected the artists Boccioni, Balla, Carra, the architect Santa. Avert from academic traditions, adulation of technical advance specifically the speed. Hyperrealism-(see photo-realism) Impressionism - plastic arts; style-directions the new painting, v.a. in Frankrei from 1860; the momentary attraction of the seen reality decides the Darstelung the object pretext " becomes " to the mark. Landscapes are preferred picture-motive with certain consideration of the atmospheres and light-conditional circumstances; characteristic is the mark of the pictures outside, Pleinairmalerei. Main-representatives: Degas, Monet, Pissarro, Sisley. Informel - informal art - type informel - the art between 1945 and 1960, the tries, that to make Malprozeß itself visibly. In France also Tachism genant narrow relationships to the abstract expressionism and Action painting, Cobra, Pollock. Kinetic art - integration of movement light and time into the artistic formation: Projections, mobiles (Calder), also motor-driven, from Gravenitz. Forerunners: Futurism. Naturalism - plastic arts; quests after naturgetreuter illustration, exaggeration of the realism. Nouveau art - Style-direction the forming and applied art zw. 1895 and 1914; in France " type nouveau ", in England " modern type ", in Austria " secession-style "; prevalent style-elements: Lines - and surface-ornament from vegetable molds, creeper-motive,; application-oriented ornament-style, door-bows, entrances of the Parisian Metro. As the Art nouveau has anti-historic, handicraft-like conceived movement in the architecture, sculpture, art and graphics, insb. Book-illustration, the following style-directions persistently shaped. Centers: Paris and Nancy (bile), Vienna (Klimt), Munich, Endell, Riemerschmid, Darmstadt (artist-colony), Brussels. Photorealism-(Hyperrealism) - popularly since the docomenta 1972: precise representation the outer reality through strongly increased projection of photos (for example the city-architecture) also acrylic-art with the spray gun; dt. G. Richter. Pop-Art - English, a direction of the modern art going back on the Dadaism that end of the 50-more umpteen years in America and England arose. With provocative intent, motives of the everyday life become, especially objects and by-products of the consumption-society composed. Representatives: Thin-stone, Oldenburg, flush-mountain, Rosenquist, Segal, Warhol, Wesselmann. Realism - plastic arts; 19. Jh.s. arising current in the art, that itself about an as realistic as possible representation of the social vitality and the environment, for example representation of the working world, troubled industrial landscapes. Surrealism - plastic arts; artistic trend after the 1. World war, in Paris from the Dadaism emerged; v.a. Art, graphics and literature. Representation of dream-worlds, work in inspiration. Conditions, reality (Dali) exceeded into the unreal; with klassizistische variation (de Chirico). Essential component that mildew art. Further representatives: Brown, seriousness, Masson, Margritte, Tanguy; in America: Gorky and Matta. Symbolism - plastic arts; current in the art of the 19. and 20. Jh.s; the main-interest lies in the expression-moderates increase the color and the simplification of the forms; bedeuternste forerunners: Redon, Bonnard, Vuillard, Valloton. Tachism - French, tache = stain, direction of the informal art, Informel sees, v.a. in Paris zw. 1945 and 1960; the Malvorgang (Gestus) becomes as important as conventional composition-principles. Representatives: Fautrier, Michaux. |
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